The peptide library.

Semaglutide

Ozempic · Wegovy · Rybelsus

A GLP-1 receptor agonist, acylated for albumin binding and DPP-4 resistance, studied for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and for weight management. Its long half-life supports once-weekly administration.

Tirzepatide

Mounjaro · Zepbound

A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-diacid modification for albumin binding, studied for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and for weight management. Its half-life supports once-weekly administration.

Retatrutide

Reta · Triple-G · LY3437943

An investigational triple receptor agonist (GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon) conjugated to a fatty-diacid for albumin binding, studied in trials for obesity and metabolic disease. Its half-life supports once-weekly administration.

MOTS-c

MOTSc

A 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide (encoded within mitochondrial 12S rRNA) that activates AMPK and influences metabolic and mitochondrial pathways, studied as an exercise-mimetic and for metabolic homeostasis.

Cagrilintide

Cagri · NN9838

A long-acting acylated amylin analog engineered to resist aggregation and bind albumin, studied in trials for appetite regulation and weight management, often alongside a GLP-1 agonist. Investigational.

Liraglutide

Saxenda · Victoza

A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid chain enabling self-association and albumin binding, studied for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and for weight management. Its half-life supports once-daily administration.

Survodutide

BI 456906

An investigational dual glucagon and GLP-1 receptor agonist with high albumin binding, studied in trials for obesity and metabolic-associated liver disease. Its half-life supports once-weekly administration.

AOD-9604

AOD9604 · hGH 176-191

A synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone (residues 176-191), studied for lipolysis and fat metabolism without the glucose or IGF-1 effects of full-length growth hormone.

Tesamorelin

Egrifta

A stabilized growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog that binds pituitary GHRH receptors to stimulate endogenous growth hormone secretion. FDA-approved (Egrifta) to reduce excess visceral abdominal fat in HIV-associated lipodystrophy.

Dulaglutide

Trulicity

A GLP-1 receptor agonist built as a fusion of a GLP-1 analog to an antibody Fc fragment, which slows clearance enough to support once-weekly administration. Approved for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

Exenatide

Byetta · Bydureon

The first GLP-1 receptor agonist brought to market, a synthetic version of exendin-4. Its short terminal half-life is why the original formulation is twice-daily, in contrast to the weekly agonists that followed.

Mazdutide

IBI362 · LY3305677

A dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist based on oxyntomodulin, studied in registered trials for weight management and glycemic control. Adding glucagon activity is intended to raise energy expenditure alongside the GLP-1 effect.

Tesofensine

NS2330

A triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor (noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin) originally investigated for neurodegenerative disease and later studied for weight reduction. A small molecule rather than a peptide.

Orforglipron

FOUNDAYO · LY3502970

A non-peptide GLP-1 receptor agonist formulated as a daily tablet rather than an injection, studied for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and for weight management.

Danuglipron

PF-06882961

An orally administered non-peptide GLP-1 receptor agonist studied in randomized trials for type 2 diabetes and weight management. Not FDA approved.

Ecnoglutide

XW003

A long-acting cAMP-biased GLP-1 analog studied in trials for weight management and type 2 diabetes. Not approved in the United States.

Setmelanotide

Imcivree · RM-493

A melanocortin-4 receptor agonist approved for chronic weight management in specific genetic causes of obesity, including POMC, PCSK1 and LEPR deficiency and Bardet-Biedl syndrome. It acts on an appetite pathway distinct from the GLP-1 receptor.

Pramlintide

Symlin · SymlinPen

A synthetic analog of human amylin, approved as an adjunct to mealtime insulin in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Amylin is co-secreted with insulin, which is the pathway cagrilintide and petrelintide also target.

Glucagon

GlucaGen

The pancreatic peptide hormone that raises blood glucose, approved for severe hypoglycemia and as a diagnostic aid for gastrointestinal motility. It is the counter-regulatory hormone to insulin, and the glucagon receptor is one of the three targeted by retatrutide.

Petrelintide

ZP8396

A long-acting human amylin analog studied in trials for weight management, engineered for stability and a dosing interval measured in days. Not approved.

Adipotide

Prohibitin-targeting peptide · FTPP

A proapoptotic peptide studied in preclinical models, designed to target the vasculature supporting white adipose tissue. Preclinical only, with reported renal effects in animal studies and no approved human use.

CagriSema

Cagrilintide/Semaglutide

A fixed-dose combination of the amylin analog cagrilintide and the GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide, studied in phase 3 trials for weight management and for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Both components are given on a weekly schedule. Not approved.

Maridebart Cafraglutide

MariTide · AMG 133

A conjugate pairing a GIP receptor antagonist antibody with GLP-1 receptor agonist peptides, studied in trials for weight management on a monthly schedule. Its design is the mirror image of the dual agonist approach, blocking the GIP receptor rather than activating it. Not approved.

Pemvidutide

ALT-801

A dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist studied in trials for weight management and for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. The glucagon component is included for its effect on hepatic fat rather than on appetite alone. Not approved.

GIP

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide · Gastric inhibitory polypeptide

One of the two main incretin hormones, released from the gut after eating and acting at the GIP receptor. It is the second target that dual agonists such as tirzepatide combine with GLP-1, which is why it appears in discussion of that class. An endogenous hormone, not a marketed product on its own.

BPC-157

Body Protection Compound · PL 14736

A synthetic pentadecapeptide (15 amino acids) derived from a gastric protein sequence, studied in animal models for angiogenesis and soft-tissue and gastrointestinal repair. Its effects appear to outlast its brief plasma presence.

TB-500

Thymosin Beta-4 fragment · TB4

A synthetic peptide based on the active actin-binding region of thymosin beta-4, a G-actin-sequestering peptide studied for cell migration, angiogenesis and tissue repair.

KLOW

GHK-Cu + TB-500 + BPC-157 + KPV

A combination preparation grouping the recovery peptides GHK-Cu, TB-500, BPC-157 and KPV into a single blend. Educational reference only; see each component entry for its individual profile and sources.

GHK-Cu

Copper Peptide · Copper tripeptide-1

A copper-binding tripeptide (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine with copper) naturally present in plasma, studied for extracellular-matrix remodeling, collagen and elastin synthesis, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in skin and tissue repair.

KPV

Lysine-Proline-Valine

A tripeptide corresponding to the C-terminal residues of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, studied preclinically for anti-inflammatory activity via modulation of NF-kB and MAPK signaling, without the pigmentary effects of full-length alpha-MSH.

ARA-290

Cibinetide

An 11-amino-acid non-erythropoietic peptide derived from erythropoietin that selectively activates the innate repair receptor, studied for anti-inflammatory and tissue-protective effects, including sarcoidosis-associated small-fiber neuropathy.

Thymosin Alpha-1

Tα1 · Zadaxin

A 28-amino-acid immunomodulating peptide derived from prothymosin alpha that modulates Toll-like receptor signaling on dendritic cells and helps balance T-cell responses. Marketed as Zadaxin in many countries.

Pentosan Polysulfate

PPS · Elmiron

A semi-synthetic sulfated polysaccharide (heparin-like glycosaminoglycan), FDA-approved (Elmiron) for the pain of interstitial cystitis; thought to replenish the protective glycosaminoglycan layer of the bladder wall, with anti-inflammatory properties.

Thymosin Beta-4

TB4 · Tbeta4

The endogenous 43-amino-acid actin-sequestering peptide from which the TB-500 fragment is derived, studied for cell migration, angiogenesis and tissue repair. Distinct from TB-500, which is a partial sequence.

LL-37

Cathelicidin · CAP-18

The only human cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide, part of innate immune defence and studied for its antimicrobial, wound-healing and immunomodulatory activity.

VIP

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide

An endogenous 28-amino-acid neuropeptide acting on VPAC receptors, studied for vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Cleared from plasma very quickly.

Larazotide

Larazotide acetate · AT-1001 · INN-202

An orally administered peptide studied as a regulator of tight junctions in the intestinal epithelium, investigated in trials for celiac disease alongside a gluten-free diet. Reported to act locally in the gut with minimal systemic absorption.

Thymalin

Thymus polypeptide fraction

A peptide preparation derived from thymus tissue, studied in laboratory and clinical literature for effects on immune-cell differentiation. Not approved in the United States.

Thymogen

Alpha-glutamyl-tryptophan · Glu-Trp

A synthetic dipeptide studied as an immunomodulator, largely in Russian-language clinical literature. Not approved in the United States, and its published evidence base is small.

Teduglutide

Gattex · Revestive · ALX-0600

A GLP-2 analog approved for short bowel syndrome in patients dependent on parenteral support. GLP-2 acts on the intestinal mucosa, a different receptor from the GLP-1 agonists used for metabolic indications.

Teriparatide

Forteo · PTH 1-34

A recombinant fragment of human parathyroid hormone, comprising its first 34 amino acids, approved for osteoporosis in patients at high risk of fracture. It is an anabolic bone agent rather than an antiresorptive.

Abaloparatide

Tymlos · BA058

A synthetic analog of parathyroid hormone-related protein, approved for osteoporosis in patients at high risk of fracture. Like teriparatide it is an anabolic bone agent.

Desmopressin

DDAVP · Desmopressin acetate

A synthetic analog of vasopressin, approved for central diabetes insipidus, primary nocturnal enuresis and certain bleeding disorders. It is modified to favour antidiuretic activity over the vasopressor activity of the natural hormone.

Calcitonin Salmon

Miacalcin · Fortical

A synthetic polypeptide matching the salmon form of calcitonin, approved for Paget disease of bone, hypercalcemia and postmenopausal osteoporosis. It acts against bone resorption, the opposite direction to the anabolic bone agents.

Thymulin

Zinc thymulin · Facteur thymique serique

A zinc-dependent thymic peptide hormone described in the immunology literature for its role in T-cell differentiation. Not approved for human use.

Thymosin Beta-10

TMSB10 · Tbeta10

A member of the beta-thymosin family of actin-sequestering peptides, closely related to thymosin beta-4 and studied for its expression pattern across human organs during development. An endogenous peptide, not a marketed product.

Thymopoietin

TMPO · Thymopentin parent peptide

A thymic polypeptide characterised for its part in T cell differentiation, and the parent molecule of the shorter fragment thymopentin. An endogenous peptide, not a marketed product.

Ipamorelin

A selective ghrelin/growth-hormone-secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) agonist pentapeptide that stimulates pituitary growth hormone release with minimal effect on cortisol or prolactin.

CJC-1295

with DAC · mod GRF 1-29

A synthetic growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog that binds pituitary GHRH receptors to stimulate growth hormone secretion. The DAC (drug affinity complex) version binds albumin for a much longer half-life than the unmodified peptide.

Sermorelin

Geref · GHRH 1-29

A synthetic peptide corresponding to the first 29 amino acids of growth-hormone-releasing hormone that binds pituitary GHRH receptors to stimulate endogenous growth hormone secretion. Previously marketed (Geref) and used in diagnostic testing.

MK-677

Ibutamoren · Nutrobal

An orally active, non-peptide ghrelin-receptor (GHS-R1a) agonist that produces sustained elevation of growth hormone and IGF-1. Its long half-life supports once-daily oral use.

GHRP-2

Pralmorelin

A synthetic ghrelin-mimetic hexapeptide (pralmorelin) that activates the growth-hormone-secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) to stimulate pituitary growth hormone release; used diagnostically in some countries.

GHRP-6

The original synthetic ghrelin-mimetic hexapeptide that activates the growth-hormone-secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) to stimulate pituitary growth hormone release; it also strongly stimulates appetite.

Hexarelin

A synthetic ghrelin-mimetic hexapeptide and potent GHS-R1a agonist, structurally related to GHRP-6, that stimulates pituitary growth hormone release; it also interacts with cardiac CD36 receptors in research settings.

Macimorelin

Macrilen · AEZS-130

An orally administered ghrelin receptor agonist approved as a diagnostic agent. It stimulates growth hormone release so the response can be measured when adult growth hormone deficiency is being assessed. It is a diagnostic test, not a treatment.

GHRP-1

Growth hormone-releasing peptide-1

A synthetic growth hormone secretagogue peptide from the first generation of GHRPs, described in the endocrinology literature. Little compound-specific human data is published compared with the later GHRPs.

Tabimorelin

NN703 · NNC 26-0703

An orally active ghrelin receptor ligand studied in clinical pharmacology trials as a growth hormone secretagogue. Its development did not lead to approval.

Anamorelin

ONO-7643 · RC-1291

An orally administered ghrelin receptor agonist studied in trials for cancer-related anorexia and cachexia. Not FDA approved.

Octreotide

Sandostatin · Octreotide acetate

A synthetic somatostatin analog approved for acromegaly and for symptoms associated with certain neuroendocrine tumours. It suppresses growth hormone release, the opposite direction to the secretagogues in this category.

Lanreotide

Somatuline Depot · Lanreotide acetate

A long-acting somatostatin analog approved for acromegaly and for certain neuroendocrine tumours. Its extended-release formulation gives it one of the longest dosing intervals of any peptide in this library.

Pegvisomant

Somavert · B2036-PEG

A pegylated growth hormone receptor antagonist approved for acromegaly. It blocks the receptor rather than the hormone, which is the opposite mechanism to every secretagogue in this category, and it is the reason IGF-1 rather than GH is used to follow the response.

Mod GRF 1-29

CJC-1295 without DAC · Modified GRF(1-29) · Sermorelin analog

The 1-29 fragment of growth hormone releasing hormone carrying four amino acid substitutions for stability, without the drug affinity complex that extends the related CJC-1295. It is the shorter-acting member of that pair, which is the reason the two are catalogued separately. Not approved for human use.

IGF-1 DES

DES(1-3)IGF-1 · des(1-3)IGF-I

A truncated form of insulin-like growth factor 1 missing the first three N-terminal amino acids, a change that lowers its affinity for the IGF binding proteins that normally hold the full-length hormone. Characterised in laboratory studies. Not approved for human use.

Follistatin

FST · Activin-binding protein

A binding protein that acts as a natural antagonist of activin and of myostatin, studied for that role in muscle and reproductive biology. An endogenous protein, not a marketed product.

ACE-031

ActRIIB-Fc · Ramatercept

A soluble form of the activin receptor type IIB fused to an antibody Fc region, designed to bind myostatin and related ligands before they reach the receptor. Studied in early clinical trials that were later discontinued. Not approved.

GDF-11

Growth differentiation factor 11 · BMP-11

A member of the TGF-beta superfamily closely related to myostatin, studied for its role in muscle, cardiac and metabolic biology and debated in the ageing literature. An endogenous protein, not a marketed product.

MGF

PEG-MGF · Mechano Growth Factor · IGF-1Ec

Mechano Growth Factor, a splice variant of insulin-like growth factor 1 known as IGF-1Ec in humans, expressed in muscle after mechanical loading. Its distinct C-terminal E-domain peptide is the part examined in the satellite-cell literature. PEG-MGF is a pegylated synthetic version of that peptide. Research material, not approved for human use.

PT-141

Bremelanotide · Vyleesi

A synthetic melanocortin receptor agonist that acts on central pathways involved in sexual arousal. FDA-approved as Vyleesi and studied for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women.

Melanotan II

MT-2 · MT2

A synthetic cyclic analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone acting as a non-selective melanocortin receptor agonist. Studied in relation to skin pigmentation and, via MC4R activation, sexual arousal. Not FDA-approved.

Kisspeptin

Kisspeptin-10 · Kisspeptin-54

Endogenous neuropeptides (KISS1 products) that agonize the KISS1R/GPR54 receptor on hypothalamic GnRH neurons, stimulating pulsatile GnRH release and downstream LH and FSH secretion. Studied in reproductive neuroendocrinology and fertility research.

Gonadorelin

GnRH · Factrel

A synthetic decapeptide identical to endogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) that binds pituitary GnRH receptors to stimulate release of LH and FSH. Pulsatile use stimulates them; continuous use suppresses them.

HCG

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin · Novarel

A glycoprotein hormone that acts as a functional analog of luteinizing hormone, binding LH/CG receptors to stimulate gonadal steroidogenesis. FDA-approved for uses including ovulation induction and certain hypogonadotropic conditions. Dosed in international units.

Oxytocin

Pitocin

An endogenous nonapeptide hormone. Its approved label covers obstetric use rather than the social or behavioural effects it is often discussed for, and it is cleared from plasma within minutes.

Afamelanotide

Scenesse · Melanotan-1 · Melanotan I

A melanocortin-1 receptor agonist approved to increase pain-free light exposure in adults with erythropoietic protoporphyria, a rare photosensitivity disorder. It is delivered as a controlled-release implant. Its approved use is photoprotection, not weight, performance or sexual function.

NAD+

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

A ubiquitous redox coenzyme central to cellular energy metabolism and a substrate for enzymes such as sirtuins and PARPs; it is a coenzyme, not a peptide. Studied in aging, metabolic, and neurological research; cellular levels reportedly decline with age.

Selank

A synthetic analog of the immunopeptide tuftsin, extended for stability, studied for anxiety-related and immunomodulatory effects. Reported mechanisms include modulation of GABAergic signaling, monoamines, and cytokines.

Semax

A synthetic heptapeptide analog of the ACTH(4-10) fragment, studied as a neuroprotective and nootropic compound. Reported mechanisms include upregulation of neurotrophins (BDNF and NGF) and interaction with melanocortin and enkephalin systems.

Epithalon

Epitalon · AEDG

A synthetic pineal tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) derived from the peptide complex epithalamin, studied in aging and longevity research for reported effects on telomerase activity and melatonin/circadian regulation. Preclinical / investigational.

DSIP

Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide

An endogenous nonapeptide first isolated for its association with delta-wave (slow-wave) sleep, studied for sleep modulation and neuroendocrine/stress effects. Its precise mechanism remains incompletely characterized.

5-Amino-1MQ

5A1MQ

A small-molecule inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), studied in preclinical metabolic research; by inhibiting NNMT it is reported to raise intracellular NAD+ and shift adipocyte metabolism toward oxidation. Not a peptide.

SS-31

Elamipretide

A mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that selectively binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, studied for effects on mitochondrial cristae structure, ATP production, and oxidative stress. Evaluated in multiple clinical trials.

IGF-1 LR3

Long R3 IGF-1

A synthetic long-acting analog of insulin-like growth factor 1 with reduced binding to IGF-binding proteins, used as a research reagent. It acts as an IGF-1 receptor agonist, activating anabolic PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling. Not approved for human use.

Dihexa

N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6) aminohexanoic amide · PNB-0408

A small-molecule angiotensin IV analog studied in preclinical models for hepatocyte growth factor / c-Met signalling and synapse formation. Preclinical only, with no registered human trials.

Spadin

Sortilin propeptide fragment

A peptide derived from the sortilin propeptide, studied in preclinical models as a TREK-1 potassium channel blocker in the context of mood regulation. Preclinical only.

Noopept

Omberacetam · GVS-111 · N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester

A synthetic dipeptide studied in laboratory models for neuroprotective and cognitive endpoints. Not approved in the United States.

Humanin

HN · Mitochondrial-derived peptide

A mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within mitochondrial DNA, studied in laboratory models for cytoprotective and apoptosis-related signalling. Research reference only.

Pinealon

Glu-Asp-Arg · EDR peptide

A short synthetic tripeptide from the Khavinson bioregulator series, studied in cell and animal models for effects on cell viability and oxidative stress. Research reference only, and the published work sits largely in a single research tradition.

Livagen

Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala · KEDA peptide

A short synthetic tetrapeptide from the Khavinson bioregulator series, studied for chromatin activation in lymphocytes and for digestive enzyme activity in animal models. Research reference only.

Vilon

Lys-Glu · KE peptide

A synthetic dipeptide from the Khavinson bioregulator series, studied in animal models for effects on proliferative and inflammatory pathways. Research reference only.

SLU-PP-332

Pan-ERR agonist

A synthetic pan-estrogen-related-receptor agonist studied in animal models for effects on fatty acid metabolism, sometimes described in press coverage as an exercise mimetic. Preclinical only, with no registered human trials.

N-Acetyl Semax

N-Acetyl Semax Amidate · NA-Semax

An acetylated analog of Semax, itself a short fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone with the hormonal activity removed. Studied largely in Russian literature for effects on the central nervous system. Not approved outside its country of origin.

N-Acetyl Selank

N-Acetyl Selank Amidate · NA-Selank

An acetylated analog of Selank, which is itself a synthetic analog of the immune peptide tuftsin. Studied largely in Russian literature as an anxiolytic candidate. Not approved outside its country of origin.

Cerebrolysin

FPF-1070

A preparation of low molecular weight peptides and amino acids derived from porcine brain tissue, studied in stroke and dementia trials and the subject of a Cochrane review. Marketed in some countries; not FDA approved.

FOXO4-DRI

FOXO4 D-retro-inverso peptide

A synthetic D-retro-inverso peptide built on the FOXO4 sequence, designed to interfere with the interaction between FOXO4 and p53 inside senescent cells. Studied in animal models in the senescence literature. Not approved for human use.