GLP-1 & Metabolic Peptides
GLP-1 and metabolic compounds are incretin-based molecules and related agents studied in glucose regulation and body-weight research. The class runs from the single GLP-1 receptor agonists to the dual and triple receptor agonists that followed, plus other metabolic peptides. Half-lives here are among the longest in the library, which is why several are studied on a weekly basis in the literature.
25 compounds
Semaglutide
Ozempic · Wegovy · Rybelsus
A GLP-1 receptor agonist, acylated for albumin binding and DPP-4 resistance, studied for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and for weight management. Its long half-life supports once-weekly administration.
Tirzepatide
Mounjaro · Zepbound
A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-diacid modification for albumin binding, studied for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and for weight management. Its half-life supports once-weekly administration.
Retatrutide
Reta · Triple-G · LY3437943
An investigational triple receptor agonist (GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon) conjugated to a fatty-diacid for albumin binding, studied in trials for obesity and metabolic disease. Its half-life supports once-weekly administration.
Cagrilintide
Cagri · NN9838
A long-acting acylated amylin analog engineered to resist aggregation and bind albumin, studied in trials for appetite regulation and weight management, often alongside a GLP-1 agonist. Investigational.
Liraglutide
Saxenda · Victoza
A GLP-1 receptor agonist with a fatty-acid chain enabling self-association and albumin binding, studied for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and for weight management. Its half-life supports once-daily administration.
Survodutide
BI 456906
An investigational dual glucagon and GLP-1 receptor agonist with high albumin binding, studied in trials for obesity and metabolic-associated liver disease. Its half-life supports once-weekly administration.
AOD-9604
AOD9604 · hGH 176-191
A synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone (residues 176-191), studied for lipolysis and fat metabolism without the glucose or IGF-1 effects of full-length growth hormone.
Tesamorelin
Egrifta
A stabilized growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog that binds pituitary GHRH receptors to stimulate endogenous growth hormone secretion. FDA-approved (Egrifta) to reduce excess visceral abdominal fat in HIV-associated lipodystrophy.
MOTS-c
MOTSc
A 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide (encoded within mitochondrial 12S rRNA) that activates AMPK and influences metabolic and mitochondrial pathways, studied as an exercise-mimetic and for metabolic homeostasis.
Dulaglutide
Trulicity
A GLP-1 receptor agonist built as a fusion of a GLP-1 analog to an antibody Fc fragment, which slows clearance enough to support once-weekly administration. Approved for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
Exenatide
Byetta · Bydureon
The first GLP-1 receptor agonist brought to market, a synthetic version of exendin-4. Its short terminal half-life is why the original formulation is twice-daily, in contrast to the weekly agonists that followed.
Mazdutide
IBI362 · LY3305677
A dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist based on oxyntomodulin, studied in registered trials for weight management and glycemic control. Adding glucagon activity is intended to raise energy expenditure alongside the GLP-1 effect.
Tesofensine
NS2330
A triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor (noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin) originally investigated for neurodegenerative disease and later studied for weight reduction. A small molecule rather than a peptide.
Orforglipron
FOUNDAYO · LY3502970
A non-peptide GLP-1 receptor agonist formulated as a daily tablet rather than an injection, studied for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes and for weight management.
Danuglipron
PF-06882961
An orally administered non-peptide GLP-1 receptor agonist studied in randomized trials for type 2 diabetes and weight management. Not FDA approved.
Ecnoglutide
XW003
A long-acting cAMP-biased GLP-1 analog studied in trials for weight management and type 2 diabetes. Not approved in the United States.
Setmelanotide
Imcivree · RM-493
A melanocortin-4 receptor agonist approved for chronic weight management in specific genetic causes of obesity, including POMC, PCSK1 and LEPR deficiency and Bardet-Biedl syndrome. It acts on an appetite pathway distinct from the GLP-1 receptor.
Pramlintide
Symlin · SymlinPen
A synthetic analog of human amylin, approved as an adjunct to mealtime insulin in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Amylin is co-secreted with insulin, which is the pathway cagrilintide and petrelintide also target.
Glucagon
GlucaGen
The pancreatic peptide hormone that raises blood glucose, approved for severe hypoglycemia and as a diagnostic aid for gastrointestinal motility. It is the counter-regulatory hormone to insulin, and the glucagon receptor is one of the three targeted by retatrutide.
Petrelintide
ZP8396
A long-acting human amylin analog studied in trials for weight management, engineered for stability and a dosing interval measured in days. Not approved.
Adipotide
Prohibitin-targeting peptide · FTPP
A proapoptotic peptide studied in preclinical models, designed to target the vasculature supporting white adipose tissue. Preclinical only, with reported renal effects in animal studies and no approved human use.
CagriSema
Cagrilintide/Semaglutide
A fixed-dose combination of the amylin analog cagrilintide and the GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide, studied in phase 3 trials for weight management and for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Both components are given on a weekly schedule. Not approved.
Maridebart Cafraglutide
MariTide · AMG 133
A conjugate pairing a GIP receptor antagonist antibody with GLP-1 receptor agonist peptides, studied in trials for weight management on a monthly schedule. Its design is the mirror image of the dual agonist approach, blocking the GIP receptor rather than activating it. Not approved.
Pemvidutide
ALT-801
A dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist studied in trials for weight management and for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. The glucagon component is included for its effect on hepatic fat rather than on appetite alone. Not approved.
GIP
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide · Gastric inhibitory polypeptide
One of the two main incretin hormones, released from the gut after eating and acting at the GIP receptor. It is the second target that dual agonists such as tirzepatide combine with GLP-1, which is why it appears in discussion of that class. An endogenous hormone, not a marketed product on its own.
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Educational reference only, compiled from public sources. Not medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or a dosing recommendation, and not a recommendation to use any compound. Many compounds listed are research materials not approved for human use. Consult a qualified professional.